Abstract: Objective To evaluate the impact of school-based comprehensive intervention on first aid knowledge and health behavior among rural left-behind children and to provide reference for the improvement of health and quality of life in the children.Methods Two primary schools in the rural areas of Ziyang city,Sichuan province were randomly selected as the intervention and the control group.Totally 203 left-behind children at grade 2-5 in the intervention school and 121 in the control school were recruited and administered a questionnaire survey before and after the intervention.Results Before the intervention,the awareness rate for five items about first aid knowledge(trauma,scald,electric shock,dog or cat bite,and fire) and the formation rate of four health behaviors(brushing teeth every day,washing hands hefore eating,washing hand after toiled use,not sharing tooth glass,and covering mouth and nose before sneezing)between the left-behind children in intervention and control schools showed no significant differences(P >0.05).After the intervention,the left-hehind children in the intervention school demonstrated higher awareness rate for the five iterms about first aid knowledge and the four health behaviors formation rate than those before the intervention,with significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion School-based comprehensive intervention on first aid knowledge and good health-related behaviors is effective among rural left-behind children.