Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence and influencing factors of femoral head osteonecrosis among rural minority residents in Qiannan Autonmous Region and to provide evidences for prevention and control of osteonecrosis.MethodsA questionnaire survey and hip joint check were carried out among 98 921 rural permanent residents age 20-69 years randomly selected from Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from June 2011 to June 2012.Normotopia and frog position X-ray examination of hip joint was conducted for the residents with positive signs of osteonecrosis in physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)was performed for the suspected patients without definite diagnosis based on the X-ray examination.ResultsTotally 147 femoral head osteonecrosis patients were identified among the residents,with a prevalence rate of 0.14% and without significant gender difference in the prevalence rate(0.14% for the males and 0.18% for the females;χ²= 1.20,P>0.05).Among the patients diagnosed,the proportion of Ficat stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were 12.91%(19 cases/19 hip joints),60.54%(89/90),11.56%(17/18),and 14.97%(22/23),respectively.Multivariate logistic regression results showed that the main risk factors of femoral head osteonecrosis were age,education level,living environment,nationality,alcohol drinking,amount of alcohol consumption,alcohol content of liquor consumed,and hormone medication.ConclusionThe prevalence of femoral head osteonecrosis among rural minority residents in Qiannan prefecture is significantly higher than that in other regions of China and should be concerned.