Abstract: Objective To examine high-risk sexual behavior and its influencing factors among floating mine workers. Methods Totally 1 636 floating mine workers from four mines of Kailuan Coal Mine were selected. The questionnaire related to high-risk sexual behavior,Maslow Security-Insecurity Inventory,the Big Five Personality Questionnaire were used to collect information among the workers from May to April,2011. Results The prevalence of high-risk sexual behavior among the workers was 18.8%. The main motivations for the high-risk sexual behavior were physiological needs(55.5%),loneliness(34.5%),for excitation(25.7%)and peer affection.The major place for the workers to have the high-risk sexual behavior was temporary residential area for migrant workers.Only 24.4% of the workers reported condom use in every sexual behavior,20.2% used condom sometimes,and 55.4% never used comdom. Non-conditional logstic regression analyses showed that the influencing factor for the high-risk sexual behaviors in the workers included accommodation,security feeling,personality characteristics in terms of strict,and frequency of returning home.Conclusion Effective methods to reduce high-risk sexual behavior among floating mine workers should include improving coal mine safety situation and the reasonable arrangement schedule for floating workers to returning home.