Abstract: Objective To explore the status of cervical cancer screening and the acceptance of human papilloma virus(HPV)vaccine in urban and rural women.Methods Cluster sampling was used to select women above 25 years old living in urban and rural areas in Shanxi province for a questionnaire survey.Results A total of 2 269 women(341 in the urban and 1 928 in the rural)were selected.There were 43.4% of urban respondents and 76.5% of rural respondents knowing cervical cancer,72.4% of the urban and 78.9% of the rural knowing the purpose of cervical cancer screening,23.8% of the urban and 6.1% of the rural knowing the transmission route of HPV,and 78.3% of the urban and 92.2% of the rural willing to pay the cost within 100 RMB yuan per person for the screening.Only 50.7% of urban respondents and 34.6% rural respondents were willing to inoculate HPV vaccine because of high price of the vaccine.Conclusion Decreasing the price of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine and promoting health education on cervical cancer are significant for the prevention and treatment of cervieal cancer.