Abstract: Objective To explore effects of genotype of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and rs11820062 of V-Rel reticu-loendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (RELA) of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) family genes on the outcome of HCV infection.Methods The HCV genotypes of 788 patients were genotyped with PCR products of 5' untranslated region (UTR) digested with restriction endonucleases. The rs11820062 was genotyped with TaqMan assay among the 788 HCV infected patients, including 271 spontaneous viral clearance subjects and 517 persistent HCV-infected subjects. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the association of relevant factors with HCV infection outcome.Results Of the 271 spontaneous viral clearance participants, 146 (53.9%), 80 (29.5%), and 45 (16.6%) were identified with the HCV genotype of 1b, non-1b, and the mixed; of the 517 persistent HCV-infected participants, 234 (45.3%), 48 (9.3%), and 235 (45.4%) were identified with the HCV genotype of 1b, non-1b, and the mixed. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that HCV genotype was correlated with the chronicity of HCV infection. The results of multivariage logistic regression analysis showed that the participants with the HCV infection of 1b (odds ratio OR = 2.650, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 1.631-4.307) or the mixed genotype (OR = 3.159, 95% CI: 1.751-5.699) were more likely to have chronic HCV infection compared to those with the HCV infection of non-1b genotype. Based on a recessive model, the participants carrying TT genotype of rs11820062 were prone to develop chronic HCV infection. Interactive analysisshowed that the effects of HCV genotype and rs11820082 on the outcome of HCV infection are independent (P = 0.280).Conclusion The HCV infected individuals with TT genotype of rs11820082 of NF-κB family genes are prone to develop chronic HCV infection and the effects of HCV genotype and genotype of rs11820082 on the chronicity of HCV infection are self-independent.