Abstract: To explore the role of health education in schistosomasis control in highly endemic areas,inhabitants were devided into three groups,the school-children,the adult women and men.After base line survey,aimed health education was carried out in three groups respectively,and the results in experimental groups were compared with those in control groups.After education,the results showed that level of knowledge on anti-schistosomiasis in three groups mentioned above increased significantly,the correct rate of attitude to perform examination and chemotherapy among pupils and adult male men increased remarkably,the qualification rate of value on anti-schistosomiasis increased significantly among adult women,and obedience to examination and chemotherapy for schistosomiasis among adult male men increased significantly,frequency of infested water exposure and rate of infection reduced significantly among school-children and adult women except adult male inhabitants.Health education can efectively control schistosome infection among pupils and adult women,and increase obedience of examination and chemotherapy for schistosomiasis among adult male men.